John Milton
John Milton (9 December 1608 – 8 November 1674) was an English poet, polemicist, and civil servant. His 1667 epic poem ''Paradise Lost'', written in blank verse and including twelve books, was written in a time of immense religious flux and political upheaval. It addressed the fall of man, including the temptation of Adam and Eve by the fallen angel Satan and God's expulsion of them from the Garden of Eden. ''Paradise Lost'' elevated Milton's reputation as one of history's greatest poets. He also served as a civil servant for the Commonwealth of England under its Council of State and later under Oliver Cromwell.Milton achieved fame and recognition during his lifetime; his celebrated ''Areopagitica'' (1644), written in condemnation of pre-publication censorship, is among history's most influential and impassioned defences of freedom of speech and freedom of the press. His desire for freedom extended beyond his philosophy and was reflected in his style, which included his introduction of new words (coined from Latin and Ancient Greek) to the English language. He was the first modern writer to employ unrhymed verse outside of the theatre or translations.
Milton is described as the "greatest English author" by his biographer William Hayley, and he remains generally regarded "as one of the preeminent writers in the English language", though critical reception has oscillated in the centuries since his death, often on account of his republicanism. Samuel Johnson praised ''Paradise Lost'' as "a poem which ... with respect to design may claim the first place, and with respect to performance, the second, among the productions of the human mind", though he (a Tory) described Milton's politics as those of an "acrimonious and surly republican". Milton was revered by poets such as William Blake, William Wordsworth, and Thomas Hardy.
Phases of Milton's life parallel the major historical and political divisions in Stuart England at the time. In his early years, Milton studied at Christ's College, Cambridge, and then travelled, wrote poetry mostly for private circulation, and launched a career as pamphleteer and publicist under Charles I's increasingly autocratic rule and Britain's breakdown into constitutional confusion and ultimately civil war. While once considered dangerously radical and heretical, Milton contributed to a seismic shift in accepted public opinions during his life that ultimately elevated him to public office in England. The Restoration of 1660 and his loss of vision later deprived Milton much of his public platform, but he used the period to develop many of his major works.
Milton's views developed from extensive reading, travel, and experience that began with his days as a student at Cambridge in the 1620s and continued through the English Civil War, which started in 1642 and continued until 1651. By the time of his death in 1674, Milton was impoverished and on the margins of English intellectual life but famous throughout Europe and unrepentant for political choices that placed him at odds with governing authorities.
Milton is regarded as one of the greatest poets of English literature even though criticism animadverting his oeuvre came from notable quarters such as T. S. Eliot and Joseph Addison. According to some scholars, Milton was second in influence to none but William Shakespeare. In one of his books, Samuel Johnson praised him for having the power of
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101
Oeuvres choisies de Milton poésies publiées pour la première fois en France by Milton, John 1608-1674
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102
Licida by Milton, John 1608-1674
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103
John Milton's Aeropagitica eine Rede für die Pressfreiheit an das Parlament von England 1644 by Milton, John 1608-1674
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104
Milton's poetical works by Milton, John 1608-1674
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105
Das verlorene Paradies ; Das *wiedergewonnene Paradies by Milton, John 1608-1674
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106
The poetical works of John Milton in two volumes. I., Paradise lost by Milton, John 1608-1674
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107
The poetical works of John Milton in two volumes. II. by Milton, John 1608-1674
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108
Milton's Comus by Milton, John 1608-1674
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109
The prose works of John Milton. vol. I., Containing a defence of the people of England, etc. by Milton, John 1608-1674
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110
The prose works of John Milton. vol. II. by Milton, John 1608-1674
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111
The prose works of John Milton. vol. III., Containing the likeliest means to remove hirelings out of the church, etc. by Milton, John 1608-1674
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112
The prose works of John Milton. vol. IV., Containing the first book of a treatise on christian doctrine, etc. by Milton, John 1608-1674
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113
The prose works of John Milton. vol. V., Containing the second book of a treatise on christian doctrine, etc. by Milton, John 1608-1674
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114
The poetical works of John Milton with the life of the author preliminary dissertations on each poem, notes critical and explanatory, and index to the subjects of Paradise lost and... by Milton, John 1608-1674
Published 1865Call Number: Loading…Identifiant pérenne de la notice dans le SUDOC
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115
Das verlorene Paradies episches Gedicht by Milton, John 1608-1674
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116
Das Verlorene Paradies episches Gedicht [in zwölf Gesängen] by Milton, John 1608-1674
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117
Milton's "Samson Agonistes" in metrischer Uebertragung ... by Milton, John 1608-1674
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118
Joannis Miltoni[i] Angli Defensio Secunda Pro Populo Anglicano : Contra infamen libellum anonymum cui titulus, Regii sanguinis clamor ad cœlum adversus parricidas Anglicanos by Milton, John 1608-1674
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119
Literae nomine Senatus Anglicani, Cromwellii Richardique by Milton, John 1608-1674
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120
Le Paradis perdu : traduit de l'anglais by Milton, John 1608-1674
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