René Descartes
René Descartes ( or ; ; }} 31 March 1596 – 11 February 1650) was a French philosopher, scientist, and mathematician, widely considered a seminal figure in the emergence of modern philosophy and science. Mathematics was paramount to his method of inquiry, and he connected the previously separate fields of geometry and algebra into analytic geometry. Descartes spent much of his working life in the Dutch Republic, initially serving the Dutch States Army, and later becoming a central intellectual of the Dutch Golden Age. Although he served a Protestant state and was later counted as a deist by critics, Descartes was Roman Catholic.Many elements of Descartes' philosophy have precedents in late Aristotelianism, the revived Stoicism of the 16th century, or in earlier philosophers like Augustine. In his natural philosophy, he differed from the schools on two major points. First, he rejected the splitting of corporeal substance into matter and form; second, he rejected any appeal to final ends, divine or natural, in explaining natural phenomena. In his theology, he insists on the absolute freedom of God's act of creation. Refusing to accept the authority of previous philosophers, Descartes frequently set his views apart from the philosophers who preceded him. In the opening section of the ''Passions of the Soul'', an early modern treatise on emotions, Descartes goes so far as to assert that he will write on this topic "as if no one had written on these matters before." His best known philosophical statement is "" ("I think, therefore I am"; ), found in ''Discourse on the Method'' (1637, in French and Latin, 1644) and ''Principles of Philosophy'' (1644, in Latin, 1647 in French).}} The statement has either been interpreted as a logical syllogism or as an intuitive thought.
Descartes has often been called the father of modern philosophy, and is largely seen as responsible for the increased attention given to epistemology in the 17th century. He laid the foundation for 17th-century continental rationalism, later advocated by Spinoza and Leibniz, and was later opposed by the empiricist school of thought consisting of Hobbes, Locke, Berkeley, and Hume. The rise of early modern rationalism—as a systematic school of philosophy in its own right for the first time in history—exerted an influence on modern Western thought in general, with the birth of two rationalistic philosophical systems of Descartes (Cartesianism) and Spinoza (Spinozism). It was the 17th-century arch-rationalists like Descartes, Spinoza, and Leibniz who have given the "Age of Reason" its name and place in history. Leibniz, Spinoza, and Descartes were all well-versed in mathematics as well as philosophy, with Descartes and Leibniz additionally contributing to a variety of scientific disciplines. Although only Leibniz is extensively recognized as a polymath, all three rationalists integrated disparate domains of knowledge into their respective works.
Descartes' ''Meditations on First Philosophy'' (1641) continues to be a standard text at most university philosophy departments. Descartes' influence in mathematics is equally apparent, being the namesake of the Cartesian coordinate system. He is credited as the father of analytic geometry—used in the discovery of infinitesimal calculus and analysis. Descartes was also one of the key figures in the Scientific Revolution.
Provided by Wikipedia
Showing 161 - 180 results of 706 for search 'Descartes, René 1596-1650', query time: 0.10s
Refine Results
-
161
Ethica cartesiana by Descartes, René, 1596-1650
Published 1719Call Number: Loading…kostenfrei
Located: Loading…
eBook -
162
Tractatus de homine by Descartes, René, 1596-1650
Published 1677Call Number: Loading…
Located: Loading…Book Loading… -
163
Meditationes de prima Philosophia by Descartes, René, 1596-1650
Published 1644Call Number: Loading…kostenfrei
Located: Loading…
eBook -
164
Appendix continens obiectiones quintas & septimas in Renati Des-Cartes Meditationes De Prima Philosophia cum ejusdem ad illas Responsionibus & duabus epistolis, una ad patrem Dinet... by Descartes, René, 1596-1650
Published 1657Call Number: Loading…kostenfrei
Located: Loading…
kostenfrei
eBook -
165
Renati Des Cartes Meditationes De Prima Philosophia in quibus dei existentia, & animae humanae à corpore distinctio, demonstrantur by Descartes, René, 1596-1650
Published 1658Call Number: Loading…kostenfrei
Located: Loading…
kostenfrei
eBook -
166
Appendix continens obiectiones 5 et 7 in meditationes de prima philosophia by Descartes, René, 1596-1650
Published 1663Call Number: Loading…kostenfrei
Located: Loading…
eBook -
167
Meditationes de prima philosophia by Descartes, René, 1596-1650
Published 1654Call Number: Loading…kostenfrei
Located: Loading…
eBook -
168
Opera philosophica Meditationes de prima philosophia by Descartes, René, 1596-1650
Published 1663Call Number: Loading…kostenfrei
Located: Loading…
eBook -
169
Principia philosophiae ... by Descartes, René, 1596-1650
Published 1664Call Number: Loading…kostenfrei
Located: Loading…
eBook -
170
Opuscula posthuma physica et mathematica by Descartes, René, 1596-1650
Published 1704Call Number: Loading…kostenfrei
Located: Loading…
eBook -
171
Passiones animae by Descartes, René, 1596-1650
Published 1650Call Number: Loading…kostenfrei
Located: Loading…
eBook -
172
Passiones animae by Descartes, René, 1596-1650
Published 1650Call Number: Loading…
Located: Loading…Book Loading… -
173
Passiones animae by Descartes, René, 1596-1650
Published 1656Call Number: Loading…kostenfrei
Located: Loading…
eBook -
174
Passiones animae by Descartes, René, 1596-1650
Published 1656Call Number: Loading…kostenfrei
Located: Loading…
eBook -
175
Passiones animae by Descartes, René, 1596-1650
Published 1664Call Number: Loading…kostenfrei
Located: Loading…
eBook -
176
Passiones animae by Descartes, René, 1596-1650
Published 1664Call Number: Loading…kostenfrei
Located: Loading…
eBook -
177
Passiones animae by Descartes, René, 1596-1650
Published 1692Call Number: Loading…kostenfrei
Located: Loading…
eBook -
178
Renati Des Cartes Observationes De Passionibvs Animæ Tribvs Absolvtæ Partibvs, Qvarvm Agit I De Passionibus In Genere, II De Nvmero Et Ordine Passionvcm Cvm Explicatione Sex Primit... by Descartes, René, 1596-1650
Published 1707Call Number: Loading…kostenfrei
Located: Loading…
kostenfrei
eBook -
179
Principia philosophiae by Descartes, René, 1596-1650
Published 1644Call Number: Loading…
Located: Loading…Book Loading… -
180
Principia philosophiae by Descartes, René, 1596-1650
Published 1656Call Number: Loading…kostenfrei
Located: Loading…
eBook
Search Tools:
Related Subjects
Erkenntnistheorie
Metaphysik
Affekt
Erkenntnis
Leib-Seele-Problem
Leidenschaft
Philosophische Psychologie
Naturphilosophie
Naturwissenschaften
Science
Emotions
Methodology
Philosophie -- 17e siècle
Descartes, René (1596-1650) -- Correspondance
Geometrie
Philosophie
filozofie
Englisch
Musiktheorie
Rezeption
Tonalität
Traktat
matematika
Acoustics and physics
Early works to 1800
Geometry
Mind and body
Music
Physics
Wissenschaftstheorie